Hydralazine is a medication primarily used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and certain heart conditions. It belongs to a class of drugs known as vasodilators, which work by relaxing the muscles in blood vessels, allowing them to widen and improve blood flow.
Key Features
- Active Ingredient: Hydralazine hydrochloride
- Dosage Form: Oral tablet, available in 25 mg strength.
- Pack Size: Typically available in packs of 56 tablets.
Indications
Hydralazine is indicated for:
- Moderate to Severe Hypertension: Often used as an adjunct therapy alongside other antihypertensive agents to achieve better blood pressure control.
- Heart Failure: Sometimes prescribed in combination with long-acting nitrates for patients with chronic congestive heart failure when conventional therapies are insufficient.
Mechanism of Action
Hydralazine works by:
- Relaxing Blood Vessels: It directly dilates peripheral arteries and arterioles, leading to decreased systemic vascular resistance and reduced blood pressure.
- Increasing Blood Flow: Enhances blood supply to the heart, which can be beneficial in certain cardiac conditions.
Dosage and Administration
- Recommended Dosage: The typical starting dose for adults is often 10 mg to 25 mg, taken two to four times daily. The dosage may be adjusted based on individual response and tolerance.
- Administration Instructions: Take the tablets with a full glass of water. Consistency in taking the medication (with or without food) is important for optimal absorption.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
- Headache
- Nausea or vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Fast or pounding heartbeat
- Chest pain or discomfort
Serious side effects can include:
- Lupus-like symptoms (joint pain, rash, fever)
- Chest pain indicating potential heart issues
- Severe allergic reactions (e.g., hives, difficulty breathing)
Precautions
- Contraindications: Not recommended for individuals with known hypersensitivity to hydralazine or those with certain heart conditions (e.g., coronary artery disease).
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult a healthcare provider before use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
- Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking, as hydralazine can interact with other antihypertensive drugs and anesthetics.
