Cloxa is a brand name for cloxacillin, a penicillin-type antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. Each capsule typically contains 250 mg of cloxacillin and is commonly packaged in a box containing 10 capsules per strip, with multiple strips in a box.
Key Uses
Cloxa is indicated for the treatment of:
- Skin Infections: Including cellulitis and impetigo.
- Respiratory Tract Infections: Such as pneumonia and bronchitis.
- Bone and Joint Infections: Effective for osteomyelitis.
- Endocarditis: Prevention and treatment of infections affecting the heart valves.
- Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus: Particularly those that are penicillinase-producing.
Mechanism of Action
Cloxacillin works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, leading to cell lysis and death. It is specifically effective against bacteria that produce beta-lactamase, which can inactivate other penicillins.
Dosage and Administration
- Adults: The typical dosage for adults is usually 1 g every 6 hours, depending on the severity of the infection. For milder infections, a lower dose may be prescribed.
- Children: Dosage for children is based on weight and should be determined by a healthcare provider.
Capsules should be taken on an empty stomach, ideally 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, to enhance absorption. It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve before finishing the medication.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Skin rash
Serious side effects can include:
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
- Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea
- Liver dysfunction
Warnings and Precautions
- Contraindications: Not suitable for individuals with known hypersensitivity to cloxacillin or other penicillins.
- Caution in Specific Populations: Use cautiously in patients with a history of allergic reactions to penicillins or cephalosporins, as cross-sensitivity may occur.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Generally considered safe during pregnancy; consult a healthcare provider if breastfeeding.
Storage
Store Cloxa capsules at room temperature (below 25°C), away from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.
