Clomid (clomifene citrate) is a medication primarily used to treat ovulatory dysfunction in women who are trying to conceive. Each tablet contains 50 mg of clomifene citrate and is typically packaged in a box containing 10 tablets.
Key Uses
Clomid is indicated for:
- Ovulatory Dysfunction: It is prescribed for women who have difficulty ovulating, particularly those with conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
- Infertility Treatment: Clomid is often the first-line treatment for women experiencing infertility due to irregular ovulation.
Mechanism of Action
Clomid acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). It binds to estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, which tricks the body into thinking that estrogen levels are low. This stimulates the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), leading to increased production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. The increased levels of these hormones promote ovarian follicle maturation and trigger ovulation.
Dosage and Administration
- Recommended Dosage: The initial dose is typically 50 mg (1 tablet) daily for 5 days, starting on the 5th day of the menstrual cycle or after progestin-induced bleeding.
- Monitoring: Patients should be monitored for ovulation and any signs of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).
- Subsequent Cycles: If ovulation does not occur at this dosage, the dose may be increased in subsequent cycles, but it is generally recommended not to exceed 100 mg daily.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
- Hot flashes
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Breast tenderness
- Mood swings
- Blurred vision or visual disturbances
Serious side effects can include:
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)
- Severe allergic reactions
- Liver dysfunction
Warnings and Precautions
- Contraindications: Not suitable for individuals with known hypersensitivity to clomifene or those with certain types of ovarian cysts.
- Caution in Specific Populations: Use cautiously in patients with liver disease, thyroid disorders, or adrenal dysfunction.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Clomid should not be used during pregnancy; consult a healthcare provider if breastfeeding.
Storage
Store Clomid tablets at room temperature (between 15°C to 30°C), away from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.
