Cefalexin is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Each capsule contains 250 mg of cefalexin, and it is typically packaged in a box containing 10 strips of 10 capsules each.
Key Uses
Cefalexin is indicated for the treatment of:
- Respiratory Tract Infections: Effective against infections like pneumonia and bronchitis.
- Otitis Media: Treats middle ear infections.
- Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Used for conditions such as cellulitis and abscesses.
- Bone and Joint Infections: Effective for osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.
- Genitourinary Tract Infections: Includes urinary tract infections (UTIs) and acute prostatitis.
- Dental Infections: Used in dental abscesses.
Dosage and Administration
- Adults: The usual dosage ranges from 1 to 4 grams daily, divided into multiple doses. For most infections, a common regimen is 500 mg every 8 hours or 250 mg every 6 hours.
- Children: The dosage is generally calculated based on body weight, typically ranging from 25 to 50 mg/kg/day, divided into doses.
Administration Instructions
- Cefalexin can be taken with or without food. However, taking it with food may help reduce gastrointestinal upset.
- Capsules should be swallowed whole with a glass of water; they should not be chewed or broken.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Allergic reactions (rash, itching)
- Dizziness
Serious side effects can include severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), liver dysfunction, or Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.
Warnings and Precautions
- Contraindications: Not suitable for individuals with known hypersensitivity to cefalexin or other cephalosporins.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult a healthcare provider before use if pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Renal Impairment: Dosage adjustments may be necessary for patients with impaired kidney function.
Storage
Store cefalexin capsules at room temperature (below 25°C), away from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.
