Artesunate is an antimalarial medication used for the treatment of severe malaria, particularly caused by Plasmodium falciparum. It is administered intravenously or intramuscularly and is known for its rapid action against malaria parasites. Artesunate is a derivative of artemisinin and is effective in reducing parasitemia and alleviating symptoms of severe malaria.
Indications
Artesunate Injection is indicated for:
- Severe Malaria: Initial treatment of severe malaria in adults and pediatric patients.
- Combination Therapy: Should be followed by a complete course of an appropriate oral antimalarial regimen to ensure complete clearance of the infection.
Dosage and Administration
- Recommended Dosage:
- Adults and Children Over 20 kg: Administer 2.4 mg/kg intravenously or intramuscularly at:
- 0 hours
- 12 hours
- 24 hours
- Continue with once daily dosing until the patient can tolerate oral antimalarial therapy.
- Children Under 20 kg: Administer 3.0 mg/kg using the same schedule.
- Administration Method: Artesunate should be administered as a slow bolus over 1 to 2 minutes. It should not be given via continuous intravenous infusion.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to artesunate or any of its components.
- Caution in patients with a history of severe allergic reactions.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
- Nausea or vomiting
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Fever
Serious side effects are rare but can include:
- Hemolytic anemia
- Jaundice
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Warnings and Precautions
- Monitor for post-treatment hemolytic anemia for up to four weeks after treatment.
- Use with caution in pregnant or breastfeeding women; consult healthcare providers for guidance.
Storage
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.
